Pledge Protection Act

109th Congress, 2nd Session

July 19, 2006

The Pledge Protection Act denies federal courts jurisdiction over interpretation of and the constitutional validity of the Pledge of Allegiance. Opponents consider such legislation antithetical to the rule of law and a political ploy. The bill passed 260-167 (5 not voting), with 39 Democrats including 6 Congressional Black Caucus members (Reps. Harold Ford, David Scott, Sanford Bishop, Al Wynn and Bennie Thompson) supporting passage. Details are in the table below and columns my be sorted by clicking on Sort in a column heading.

Data Set Sorted By rsc desc, vote1092385 in Descending Order

Representative
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Vote
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District
Party
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CBC
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CHC
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Progressive Caucus
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Blue Dogs
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New Democrats
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Republican Study Comm.
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Rural Caucus
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John Boozman
Y
AR
3
R
RSC
RURAL
John R. Carter
Y
TX
31
R
RSC
Roscoe G. Bartlett
Y
MD
6
R
RSC
Cliff Stearns
Y
FL
6
R
RSC
RURAL
Dan Burton
Y
IN
5
R
RSC
Walter B. Jones
Y
NC
3
R
RSC
RURAL
Steve Chabot
Y
OH
1
R
RSC
Duncan Hunter
Y
CA
52
R
RSC
Gary G. Miller
Y
CA
42
R
RSC
Chris Chocola
Y
IN
2
R
RSC
John Abney Culberson
Y
TX
7
R
RSC
John B. Shadegg
Y
AZ
3
R
RSC
Thomas G. Tancredo
Y
CO
6
R
RSC
Dennis R. Rehberg
Y
MT
A-L
R
RSC
RURAL
Robert B. Aderholt
Y
AL
4
R
RSC
RURAL
J. Gresham Barrett
Y
SC
3
R
RSC
Wally Herger
Y
CA
2
R
RSC
RURAL
John Kline
Y
MN
2
R
RSC
Eric Cantor
Y
VA
7
R
RSC
RURAL
Pete Sessions
Y
TX
32
R
RSC
George Radanovich
Y
CA
19
R
RSC
Scott Garrett
Y
NJ
5
R
RSC
Tom Cole
Y
OK
4
R
RSC
Mike Pence
Y
IN
6
R
RSC
Charlie Norwood
Y
GA
9
R
RSC
Patrick J. Tiberi
Y
OH
12
R
RSC
J. Randy Forbes
Y
VA
4
R
RSC
Tom Feeney
Y
FL
24
R
RSC
Dave Camp
Y
MI
4
R
RSC
Todd Tiahrt
Y
KS
4
R
RSC
John Sullivan
Y
OK
1
R
RSC
Mark E. Souder
Y
IN
3
R
RSC
RURAL
Tim Murphy
Y
PA
18
R
RSC
Charles H. Taylor
Y
NC
11
R
RSC
RURAL
Bob Beauprez
Y
CO
7
R
RSC
Jo Ann Davis
Y
VA
1
R
RSC
Marsha Blackburn
Y
TN
7
R
RSC
Michael C. Burgess
Y
TX
26
R
RSC
Jerry Moran
Y
KS
1
R
RSC
RURAL
Jeff Miller
Y
FL
1
R
RSC
Robin Hayes
Y
NC
8
R
RSC
RURAL
Jeb Hensarling
Y
TX
5
R
RSC
Rick Renzi
Y
AZ
1
R
RSC
RURAL
Marilyn N. Musgrave
Y
CO
4
R
RSC
Steve King
Y
IA
5
R
RSC
RURAL
Ernest J. Istook Jr.
Y
OK
5
R
RSC
W. Todd Akin
Y
MO
2
R
RSC
Henry E. Brown Jr.
Y
SC
1
R
RSC
Virgil H. Goode Jr.
Y
VA
5
R
RSC
RURAL
Mario Diaz-Balart
Y
FL
25
R
H
RSC
Dave Weldon
Y
FL
15
R
RSC
Paul Ryan
Y
WI
1
R
RSC
J. D. Hayworth
Y
AZ
5
R
RSC
RURAL
Thelma D. Drake
Y
VA
2
R
RSC
Mark Green
Y
WI
8
R
RSC
RURAL
Spencer Bachus
Y
AL
6
R
RSC
Jim Ryun
Y
KS
2
R
RSC
RURAL
Jerry Lewis
Y
CA
41
R
RSC
John T. Doolittle
Y
CA
4
R
RSC
Joseph R. Pitts
Y
PA
16
R
RSC
Sue Wilkins Myrick
Y
NC
9
R
RSC
Joe Barton
Y
TX
6
R
RSC
RURAL
Trent Franks
Y
AZ
2
R
RSC
Thomas M. Reynolds
Y
NY
26
R
RSC
RURAL
John Campbell
Y
CA
48
R
RSC
Richard W. Pombo
Y
CA
11
R
RSC
RURAL
John N. Hostettler
Y
IN
8
R
RSC
Joe Wilson
Y
SC
2
R
RSC
RURAL
Phil Gingrey
Y
GA
11
R
RSC
Lee Terry
Y
NE
2
R
RSC
Mac Thornberry
Y
TX
13
R
RSC
RURAL
Gil Gutknecht
Y
MN
1
R
RSC
RURAL
Bob Goodlatte
Y
VA
6
R
RSC
RURAL
Sam Johnson
Y
TX
3
R
RSC
Barbara Cubin
Y
WY
A-L
R
RSC
RURAL
Anne M. Northup
NV
KY
3
R
RSC
Jeff Flake
N
AZ
6
R
RSC
Henry J. Hyde
Y
IL
6
R
Fred Upton
Y
MI
6
R
Stevan Pearce
Y
NM
2
R
Mark Foley
Y
FL
16
R
RURAL
Ron Lewis
Y
KY
2
R
RURAL
Roger F. Wicker
Y
MS
1
R
RURAL
John M. McHugh
Y
NY
23
R
RURAL
John J. Duncan Jr.
Y
TN
2
R
Don Young
Y
AK
A-L
R
RURAL
Mary Bono
Y
CA
45
R
RURAL
Leonard L. Boswell
Y
IA
3
D
BD
RURAL
Christopher H. Smith
Y
NJ
4
R
Frank D. Lucas
Y
OK
3
R
RURAL
Vito Fossella
Y
NY
13
R
Lynn A. Westmoreland
Y
GA
8
R
Michael T. McCaul
Y
TX
10
R
Rob Simmons
Y
CT
2
R
Peter T. King
Y
NY
3
R
Don Sherwood
Y
PA
10
R
Howard P. ``Buck'' McKeon
Y
CA
25
R
Charlie Melancon
Y
LA
3
D
BD
Harold E. Ford Jr.
Y
TN
9
D
B
BD
ND
Alan B. Mollohan
Y
WV
1
D
Daniel Lipinski
Y
IL
3
D
Vernon J. Ehlers
Y
MI
3
R
Rodney P. Frelinghuysen
Y
NJ
11
R
Henry Cuellar
Y
TX
28
D
H
RURAL
Katherine Harris
Y
FL
13
R
Roy Blunt
Y
MO
7
R
RURAL
John E. Sweeney
Y
NY
20
R
RURAL
David G. Reichert
Y
WA
8
R
Robert W. Ney
Y
OH
18
R
RURAL
Chet Edwards
Y
TX
17
D
RURAL
Edolphus Towns
Y
NY
10
D
B
RURAL
Tim Holden
Y
PA
17
D
BD
Frank R. Wolf
Y
VA
10
R
Patrick T. McHenry
Y
NC
10
R
John A. Boehner
Y
OH
8
R
Mark Steven Kirk
Y
IL
10
R
Candice S. Miller
Y
MI
10
R
Jon C. Porter
Y
NV
3
R
Curt Weldon
Y
PA
7
R
Chris Cannon
Y
UT
3
R
William M. Thomas
Y
CA
22
R
Ben Chandler
Y
KY
6
D
BD
ND
RURAL
Bart Gordon
Y
TN
6
D
Thomas E. Petri
Y
WI
6
R
RURAL
Darrell E. Issa
Y
CA
49
R
Michael K. Simpson
Y
ID
2
R
RURAL
Greg Walden
Y
OR
2
R
RURAL
C. W. Bill Young
Y
FL
10
R
Michael E. Sodrel
Y
IN
9
R
Ike Skelton
Y
MO
4
D
RURAL
Cathy McMorris
Y
WA
5
R
John Barrow
Y
GA
12
D
BD
Tom Osborne
Y
NE
3
R
RURAL
Deborah Pryce
Y
OH
15
R
Ron Paul
Y
TX
14
R
RURAL
Michael N. Castle
Y
DE
A-L
R
Ray LaHood
Y
IL
18
R
RURAL
Sanford D. Bishop Jr.
Y
GA
2
D
B
BD
RURAL
Charles W. Boustany Jr.
Y
LA
7
R
Mike McIntyre
Y
NC
7
D
BD
ND
RURAL
Paul E. Gillmor
Y
OH
5
R
RURAL
Ralph M. Hall
Y
TX
4
R
RURAL
Mike Ross
Y
AR
4
D
BD
RURAL
John T. Salazar
Y
CO
3
D
H
BD
John J. H. ``Joe'' Schwarz
Y
MI
7
R
Melissa A. Hart
Y
PA
4
R
Bennie G. Thompson
Y
MS
2
D
B
P
RURAL
Sherwood Boehlert
Y
NY
24
R
RURAL
Zach Wamp
Y
TN
3
R
RURAL
Jo Bonner
Y
AL
1
R
Tom Latham
Y
IA
4
R
RURAL
Lamar S. Smith
Y
TX
21
R
John L. Mica
Y
FL
7
R
K. Michael Conaway
Y
TX
11
R
Timothy V. Johnson
Y
IL
15
R
RURAL
David Dreier
Y
CA
26
R
Jim McCrery
Y
LA
4
R
RURAL
Tom Price
Y
GA
6
R
Jean Schmidt
Y
OH
2
R
Louie Gohmert
Y
TX
1
R
Shelley Moore Capito
Y
WV
2
R
RURAL
Marion Berry
Y
AR
1
D
BD
RURAL
Gene Green
Y
TX
29
D
Connie Mack
Y
FL
14
R
Jo Ann Emerson
Y
MO
8
R
RURAL
Stephanie Herseth
Y
SD
A-L
D
BD
ND
Jim Nussle
Y
IA
1
R
Albert Russell Wynn
Y
MD
4
D
B
RURAL
Frank A. LoBiondo
Y
NJ
2
R
RURAL
Ander Crenshaw
Y
FL
4
R
Mark R. Kennedy
Y
MN
6
R
RURAL
Tom Davis
Y
VA
11
R
Kevin Brady
Y
TX
8
R
RURAL
Jerry Weller
Y
IL
11
R
Thaddeus G. McCotter
Y
MI
11
R
Michael G. Fitzpatrick
Y
PA
8
R
Lincoln Diaz-Balart
Y
FL
21
R
H
Bobby Jindal
Y
LA
1
R
RURAL
Robert E. (Bud) Cramer Jr.
Y
AL
5
D
BD
Brian Bilbray
Y
CA
50
R
Edward R. Royce
Y
CA
40
R
David Scott
Y
GA
13
D
B
BD
ND
Jeb Bradley
Y
NH
1
R
RURAL
Ralph Regula
Y
OH
16
R
Rubén Hinojosa
Y
TX
15
D
H
Daniel E. Lungren
Y
CA
3
R
John Shimkus
Y
IL
19
R
RURAL
Jim Ramstad
Y
MN
3
R
Charles W. Dent
Y
PA
15
R
Jim Marshall
Y
GA
3
D
Mike Rogers
Y
MI
8
R
John E. Peterson
Y
PA
5
R
RURAL
Rob Bishop
Y
UT
1
R
Jim Costa
Y
CA
20
D
BD
Ileana Ros-Lehtinen
Y
FL
18
R
H
Geoff Davis
Y
KY
4
R
Charles W. ``Chip'' Pickering
Y
MS
3
R
RURAL
James T. Walsh
Y
NY
25
R
Lincoln Davis
Y
TN
4
D
BD
RURAL
Terry Everett
Y
AL
2
R
RURAL
Henry Bonilla
Y
TX
23
R
H
Ric Keller
Y
FL
8
R
Nathan Deal
Y
GA
10
R
RURAL
Jeff Fortenberry
Y
NE
1
R
Kay Granger
Y
TX
12
R
Donald A. Manzullo
Y
IL
16
R
RURAL
Rodney Alexander
Y
LA
5
R
Virginia Foxx
Y
NC
5
R
Michael R. Turner
Y
OH
3
R
Ted Poe
Y
TX
2
R
Nick J. Rahall II
Y
WV
3
D
RURAL
Heather Wilson
Y
NM
1
R
RURAL
Ed Whitfield
Y
KY
1
R
RURAL
Kenny C. Hulshof
Y
MO
9
R
RURAL
William L. Jenkins
Y
TN
1
R
RURAL
Ken Calvert
Y
CA
44
R
James A. Leach
Y
IA
2
R
RURAL
Jim Saxton
Y
NJ
3
R
Dan Boren
Y
OK
2
D
BD
Randy Neugebauer
Y
TX
19
R
RURAL
Ginny Brown-Waite
Y
FL
5
R
Steve Buyer
Y
IN
4
R
Collin C. Peterson
Y
MN
7
D
BD
RURAL
Todd Russell Platts
Y
PA
19
R
John Linder
Y
GA
7
R
Jerry F. Costello
Y
IL
12
D
RURAL
Bill Shuster
Y
PA
9
R
RURAL
Elton Gallegly
Y
CA
24
R
E. Clay Shaw Jr.
Y
FL
22
R
Bob Etheridge
Y
NC
2
D
ND
RURAL
John R. ``Randy'' Kuhl Jr.
Y
NY
29
R
John S. Tanner
Y
TN
8
D
BD
RURAL
Peter Hoekstra
Y
MI
2
R
Adam H. Putnam
Y
FL
12
R
Sam Graves
Y
MO
6
R
RURAL
Sue W. Kelly
Y
NY
19
R
Charles F. Bass
Y
NH
2
R
RURAL
Allen Boyd
Y
FL
2
D
BD
RURAL
Rick Boucher
Y
VA
9
D
RURAL
David L. Hobson
Y
OH
7
R
RURAL
Joel Hefley
Y
CO
5
R
Joe Knollenberg
Y
MI
9
R
Jim Gibbons
Y
NV
2
R
RURAL
Jim Gerlach
Y
PA
6
R
Jim Matheson
Y
UT
2
D
BD
RURAL
Devin Nunes
Y
CA
21
R
Harold Rogers
Y
KY
5
R
RURAL
Gene Taylor
Y
MS
4
D
BD
RURAL
F. James Sensenbrenner Jr.
Y
WI
5
R
Mike Rogers
Y
AL
3
R
C. L. ``Butch'' Otter
Y
ID
1
R
RURAL
Mike Ferguson
Y
NJ
7
R
Kenny Marchant
Y
TX
24
R
Michael Bilirakis
Y
FL
9
R
Russ Carnahan
Y
MO
3
D
ND
Doc Hastings
Y
WA
4
R
RURAL
Steven C. LaTourette
Y
OH
14
R
Nancy L. Johnson
Y
CT
5
R
RURAL
Jack Kingston
Y
GA
1
R
Richard H. Baker
Y
LA
6
R
RURAL
Howard Coble
Y
NC
6
R
Michael G. Oxley
Y
OH
4
R
Jay Inslee
NV
WA
1
D
ND
Luis V. Gutierrez
NV
IL
4
D
H
P
Cynthia McKinney
NV
GA
4
D
B
Lane Evans
NV
IL
17
D
P
RURAL
Mark Udall
N
CO
2
D
Phil English
N
PA
3
R
RURAL
Dennis A. Cardoza
N
CA
18
D
BD
Tammy Baldwin
N
WI
2
D
P
Charles A. Gonzalez
N
TX
20
D
H
Nancy Pelosi
N
CA
8
D
P
James L. Oberstar
N
MN
8
D
RURAL
Patrick J. Kennedy
N
RI
1
D
Maxine Waters
N
CA
35
D
B
P
John F. Tierney
N
MA
6
D
P
Brad Miller
N
NC
13
D
Stephanie Tubbs Jones
N
OH
11
D
B
P
Judy Biggert
N
IL
13
R
Carolyn C. Kilpatrick
N
MI
13
D
B
Robert C. Scott
N
VA
3
D
B
Alcee L. Hastings
N
FL
23
D
B
Artur Davis
N
AL
7
D
B
ND
Darlene Hooley
N
OR
5
D
ND
RURAL
Michael M. Honda
N
CA
15
D
Dennis Moore
N
KS
3
D
BD
ND
James E. Clyburn
N
SC
6
D
B
RURAL
Ed Case
N
HI
2
D
BD
ND
RURAL
Benjamin L. Cardin
N
MD
3
D
Robert E. Andrews
N
NJ
1
D
Doris Matsui
N
CA
5
D
Corrine Brown
N
FL
3
D
B
P
Martin Olav Sabo
N
MN
5
D
Hilda L. Solis
N
CA
32
D
H
P
John Lewis
N
GA
5
D
B
P
James P. McGovern
N
MA
3
D
P
Debbie Wasserman Schultz
N
FL
20
D
Brian Higgins
N
NY
27
D
ND
Michael H. Michaud
N
ME
2
D
BD
Bill Pascrell Jr.
N
NJ
8
D
Lloyd Doggett
N
TX
25
D
Tom Lantos
N
CA
12
D
P
Eliot L. Engel
N
NY
17
D
ND
Linda T. Sánchez
N
CA
39
D
H
William D. Delahunt
N
MA
10
D
RURAL
Joseph Crowley
N
NY
7
D
ND
Michael F. Doyle
N
PA
14
D
Adam B. Schiff
N
CA
29
D
BD
ND
Danny K. Davis
N
IL
7
D
B
P
RURAL
Tom Udall
N
NM
3
D
P
ND
RURAL
Kendrick B. Meek
N
FL
17
D
B
Ron Kind
N
WI
3
D
ND
RURAL
Dana Rohrabacher
N
CA
46
R
Elijah E. Cummings
N
MD
7
D
B
Barbara Lee
N
CA
9
D
B
P
Wm. Lacy Clay
N
MO
1
D
B
P
Carolyn B. Maloney
N
NY
14
D
James R. Langevin
N
RI
2
D
Rick Larsen
N
WA
2
D
ND
Jane Harman
N
CA
36
D
BD
ND
Edward J. Markey
N
MA
7
D
Earl Pomeroy
N
ND
A-L
D
BD
RURAL
Raúl M. Grijalva
N
AZ
7
D
H
P
Rosa L. DeLauro
N
CT
3
D
P
John Conyers Jr.
N
MI
14
D
B
P
Carolyn McCarthy
N
NY
4
D
ND
Paul E. Kanjorski
N
PA
11
D
RURAL
Susan A. Davis
N
CA
53
D
Rush D. Holt
N
NJ
12
D
ND
Robert A. Brady
N
PA
1
D
Zoe Lofgren
N
CA
16
D
Michael R. McNulty
N
NY
21
D
Adam Smith
N
WA
9
D
ND
Joe Baca
N
CA
43
D
H
BD
Sheila Jackson-Lee
N
TX
18
D
B
P
Lynn C. Woolsey
N
CA
6
D
P
Major R. Owens
N
NY
11
D
B
P
Diane E. Watson
N
CA
33
D
B
P
David E. Price
N
NC
4
D
ND
Barney Frank
N
MA
4
D
P
Marcy Kaptur
N
OH
9
D
P
RURAL
Ed Pastor
N
AZ
4
D
H
P
RURAL
Timothy H. Bishop
N
NY
1
D
Lois Capps
N
CA
23
D
ND
RURAL
G. K. Butterfield
N
NC
1
D
B
Louise McIntosh Slaughter
N
NY
28
D
David R. Obey
N
WI
7
D
Bobby L. Rush
N
IL
1
D
B
P
Bart Stupak
N
MI
1
D
RURAL
Steven R. Rothman
N
NJ
9
D
Earl Blumenauer
N
OR
3
D
Fortney Pete Stark
N
CA
13
D
P
Jim Davis
N
FL
11
D
ND
Emanuel Cleaver
N
MO
5
D
B
P
Nita M. Lowey
N
NY
18
D
Bob Inglis
N
SC
4
R
Norman D. Dicks
N
WA
6
D
Wayne T. Gilchrest
N
MD
1
R
RURAL
Jerrold Nadler
N
NY
8
D
P
James P. Moran
N
VA
8
D
ND
Henry A. Waxman
N
CA
30
D
P
John W. Olver
N
MA
1
D
RURAL
Ted Strickland
N
OH
6
D
RURAL
Melissa L. Bean
N
IL
8
D
Shelley Berkley
N
NV
1
D
ND
Gwen Moore
N
WI
4
D
B
Loretta Sanchez
N
CA
47
D
H
BD
ND
Chris Van Hollen
N
MD
8
D
Frank Pallone Jr.
N
NJ
6
D
Ellen O. Tauscher
N
CA
10
D
BD
ND
Julia Carson
N
IN
7
D
B
P
Charles B. Rangel
N
NY
15
D
B
Brian Baird
N
WA
3
D
ND
RURAL
Juanita Millender-McDonald
N
CA
37
D
B
ND
RURAL
Michael E. Capuano
N
MA
8
D
P
Sherrod Brown
N
OH
13
D
P
Jim Kolbe
N
AZ
8
R
RURAL
Christopher Shays
N
CT
4
R
John D. Dingell
N
MI
15
D
Gary L. Ackerman
N
NY
5
D
John P. Murtha
N
PA
12
D
Brad Sherman
N
CA
27
D
Vic Snyder
N
AR
2
D
RURAL
Diana DeGette
N
CO
1
D
Rahm Emanuel
N
IL
5
D
ND
Dale E. Kildee
N
MI
5
D
Chaka Fattah
N
PA
2
D
B
P
Eddie Bernice Johnson
N
TX
30
D
B
Sam Farr
N
CA
17
D
P
Maurice D. Hinchey
N
NY
22
D
P
RURAL
Steny H. Hoyer
N
MD
5
D
RURAL
George Miller
N
CA
7
D
P
Nydia M. Velázquez
N
NY
12
D
H
P
BERNARD SANDERS
N
VT
A-L
I
P
RURAL
Lucille Roybal-Allard
N
CA
34
D
H
Martin T. Meehan
N
MA
5
D
Melvin L. Watt
N
NC
12
D
B
P
Dennis J. Kucinich
N
OH
10
D
P
Al Green
N
TX
9
D
B
John B. Larson
N
CT
1
D
ND
Sander M. Levin
N
MI
12
D
Steve Israel
N
NY
2
D
BD
ND
William J. Jefferson
N
LA
2
D
B
Bob Filner
N
CA
51
D
P
Jesse L. Jackson Jr.
N
IL
2
D
B
P
Donald M. Payne
N
NJ
10
D
B
Peter A. DeFazio
N
OR
4
D
P
RURAL
Solomon P. Ortiz
N
TX
27
D
H
Anna G. Eshoo
N
CA
14
D
John M. Spratt Jr.
N
SC
5
D
RURAL
Jim McDermott
N
WA
7
D
P
Neil Abercrombie
N
HI
1
D
P
C. A. Dutch Ruppersberger
N
MD
2
D
Tim Ryan
N
OH
17
D
Silvestre Reyes
N
TX
16
D
H
Peter J. Visclosky
N
IN
1
D
RURAL
Betty McCollum
N
MN
4
D
Anthony D. Weiner
N
NY
9
D
Xavier Becerra
N
CA
31
D
P
Richard E. Neal
N
MA
2
D
Janice D. Schakowsky
N
IL
9
D
P
Robert Wexler
N
FL
19
D
Jim Cooper
N
TN
5
D
BD
Thomas H. Allen
N
ME
1
D
RURAL
David Wu
N
OR
1
D
ND
José E. Serrano
N
NY
16
D
H
P
Grace F. Napolitano
N
CA
38
D
H
Stephen F. Lynch
N
MA
9
D
Mike Thompson
N
CA
1
D
BD
RURAL
Gregory W. Meeks
N
NY
6
D
B
ND
Allyson Y. Schwartz
N
PA
13
D
ND
Howard L. Berman
N
CA
28
D

Source: Clerk of the House, Web pages of the caucuses, file sent by staff for Blue Dogs.

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